Choosing colours for your brand sounds simple enough until you actually sit down to do it. You might have a few colours you love, a Pinterest board full of inspiration, and a general idea of how you want your brand to look. But when you start putting those colours together, something doesn’t quite work. Perhaps the combination feels too busy, the colours compete for attention, or the palette looks beautiful as a collection of swatches but doesn’t translate well to your website.
The challenge isn’t necessarily finding colours that look good individually. It’s understanding how they work together, what role each colour plays, and how to use them consistently across your business. A well-considered colour palette gives your brand a recognisable visual identity, makes designing marketing materials easier, and helps create a consistent experience wherever people encounter your business. Whether you’re developing a new brand or refreshing an existing one, understanding a few basic principles will help you make better colour choices.
Why Your Brand Colours Matter
Colour is one of the first things people notice about a brand, often before they’ve read a single word about what the business does. A palette of warm, earthy tones might create a sense of natural simplicity, while deep blues and crisp neutrals can give a brand a more structured, polished appearance. Bright, contrasting colours might suit a business with an energetic personality, whereas muted shades can create a softer, more understated look.
These associations aren’t universal, of course. Culture, personal experience, context, and the colours surrounding a particular shade all influence how people perceive it. That’s why choosing brand colours based on colour psychology alone can be misleading. Rather than assuming a particular colour will automatically communicate a specific message, consider whether the overall palette reflects your brand’s personality, appeals to your intended audience, and helps distinguish your business from others in your industry.
Your colour palette also needs to work in practical terms. The colours should look good together on your website, remain recognisable across social media and printed materials, and provide enough contrast for people to read your content comfortably. A beautiful palette is a good starting point, but a useful palette is one you can apply consistently across your business.
Start With Your Brand’s Personality
Before opening a colour palette generator or browsing endless inspiration boards, take some time to think about the personality of your brand. How do you want people to feel when they encounter your business? Do you want to come across as calm and approachable, bold and creative, refined and sophisticated, or warm and welcoming? Choose three to five words that describe the impression you want to create, then use those words as a starting point for your visual research.
For example, a wellness practitioner who wants to communicate calm and reassurance might explore muted greens, warm creams, and soft browns. A creative consultant who wants to appear confident and distinctive might lean towards a stronger primary colour, an unexpected accent, and a restrained neutral palette. Neither approach is inherently better; what matters is whether the colours support the character of the business.
Look beyond other brands for inspiration. Photography, interiors, artwork, nature, architecture, and even fabrics can provide interesting colour combinations that you might not have considered otherwise. If you’re drawn to a particular photograph, look at the relationship between its dominant colours, smaller contrasting details, and background tones. You don’t need to copy the colours exactly. Instead, use the reference to identify a visual direction that feels right for your brand.
It’s also worth looking at what other businesses in your industry are doing, particularly if you want your brand to stand apart. You don’t need to avoid familiar colours altogether, but you shouldn’t feel obliged to use green simply because you work in wellness or blue because you’re a consultant. A thoughtful palette can communicate what your business stands for without looking like every other brand in your field.
Build Your Palette Around Four Colour Roles
Once you have a general visual direction, it’s time to narrow down your choices. Rather than selecting a handful of colours and hoping they work together, give each colour a purpose. A practical starting point is to build your palette around a primary colour, one or two supporting colours, an accent colour, and a small selection of neutrals. You don’t necessarily need a different shade for every role, and a simple palette can be just as distinctive as a more elaborate one.
1. Primary Colour: The Main Colour of Your Brand
Your primary colour is the main colour associated with your brand identity. It’s often one of the most recognisable elements of your visual language and may appear in your logo, website headings, graphic elements, illustrations, or other recurring brand assets. The right choice should reflect your brand’s personality while remaining versatile enough to work across different applications.
When selecting your primary colour, consider how it looks against both light and dark backgrounds, whether it complements the imagery you plan to use, and whether it helps your brand stand out from competitors. You should also think about how the colour will work when used in larger areas, not just as a small swatch or part of a logo. A shade that looks beautiful in a tiny detail may feel overwhelming when it covers an entire website section.
One important distinction is that your primary brand colour doesn’t always have to be the dominant colour in every design. Your website might use plenty of cream or white space while reserving your primary colour for headings, illustrations, and selected sections. On a promotional graphic, however, you might use that same colour across most of the design. The primary colour identifies your brand; how much space it occupies depends on the application.
2. Supporting Colours: Adding Variety Without Losing Consistency
Supporting colours give your palette more depth and flexibility. They can be lighter or darker variations of your primary colour, related shades that create a harmonious combination, or contrasting colours that introduce a little more character. Their purpose is to give you options when designing different materials without making every application look unrelated.
Imagine your primary colour is a deep forest green. You might introduce a softer sage green and a muted olive shade to create variation while keeping the palette grounded in the same visual direction. Alternatively, if your primary colour is dusty pink, a muted rose or a deeper berry shade could provide additional options. Supporting colours can be used for website sections, illustrations, social media graphics, presentation slides, and other elements that need more variety than a single colour can provide.
The important thing is to establish a clear relationship between your colours. They don’t all need to be similar, but there should be a reason for including each one. If a supporting colour doesn’t add anything useful to the palette, you probably don’t need it.
3. Accent Colour: Adding Contrast and Drawing Attention
Your accent colour is the shade you use to make selected elements stand out. On a website, this might mean buttons, links, highlighted words, icons, or small graphic details. In printed materials, it could appear in a particular illustration, a heading, or a detail that draws the eye towards important information.
Because an accent colour is meant to stand out, it often works best when used sparingly. Imagine a brand built around dusty pink, warm cream, and charcoal, with a bright neon yellow accent. The pink establishes the brand’s visual identity, cream gives the design breathing room, and the neon yellow creates an unexpected contrast that makes buttons and other selected elements difficult to overlook. Used thoughtfully, the combination feels bold and contemporary; used everywhere, the yellow could quickly become overwhelming.
Your accent colour doesn’t necessarily have to be the brightest shade in the palette. It simply needs to create enough contrast with its surroundings to serve its purpose. When choosing one, consider where it will appear and whether it will remain readable, particularly on websites where buttons, links, and other interactive elements need to be easy to identify.
4. Neutrals: Giving Your Colours Room to Breathe
Neutrals are often treated as an afterthought, but they’re an important part of a balanced brand palette. Colours such as white, cream, beige, grey, taupe, charcoal, and near-black provide the backgrounds, text colours, and supporting surfaces that allow your more distinctive brand colours to stand out. Without them, a design can quickly become visually crowded, especially when several strong colours are competing for attention.
Rather than automatically choosing pure white and black, consider whether warmer or cooler neutrals would work better with your palette. A brand built around terracotta, olive green, and warm pink might feel more cohesive with creamy backgrounds and deep brown text. A more minimal, contemporary identity might benefit from crisp white, cool grey, and charcoal. You can also use more than one neutral, such as a light background colour, a darker text colour, and a mid-tone shade for borders or secondary sections.
Neutrals don’t have to be completely colourless, either. A pale pink, muted grey-green, or warm beige can function as a neutral if it provides a quiet background rather than competing with the main colours. The goal is to create balance and make the palette practical to use across different applications.
How to Choose Colours That Work Together
Knowing which colours you need is one thing; finding a combination that feels cohesive is another. You don’t need an advanced understanding of colour theory to make good decisions, but a little knowledge of how colours relate to one another can help you narrow down your options.
Monochromatic Palettes
A monochromatic palette uses different tints, tones, or shades of a single colour. For example, you might combine pale sage, medium green, and deep forest green with a warm neutral background. Because the colours share the same basic hue, the result often feels cohesive and understated. This approach works particularly well when you want a restrained visual identity, although you’ll need enough variation in lightness and darkness to keep the design from feeling flat.
Analogous Palettes
Analogous colours sit next to one another on the colour wheel, such as blue, blue-green, and green, or yellow, yellow-orange, and orange. They tend to work well together because they share similar characteristics, making them useful for brands that need a harmonious palette with a little more variety than a monochromatic scheme provides. You can make the combination more interesting by varying the saturation and lightness of the colours rather than using every shade at the same intensity.
Complementary Palettes
Complementary colours sit opposite one another on the colour wheel, such as blue and orange or purple and yellow. These combinations create contrast and can give a brand a more energetic, distinctive appearance. However, two highly saturated complementary colours used in equal amounts can compete for attention. A more balanced approach is to use one colour as the foundation and introduce the other as an accent, with neutrals helping to soften the overall design.
Combining Colours by Mood
Not every effective palette needs to follow a formal colour scheme. Some of the most interesting combinations bring together colours that share a similar atmosphere rather than a strict relationship on the colour wheel. Muted terracotta, dusty pink, olive green, and warm cream, for example, can work beautifully together because their subdued qualities create a sense of cohesion.
This approach is particularly useful when developing an expressive or editorial visual identity. Instead of starting with a colour wheel, you can begin with an image or collection of references that captures the feeling you want your brand to communicate. From there, identify the dominant colour, the supporting shades, and any contrasting details that could become your accent. Colour theory can help explain why a combination works, but you don’t need to follow a formula if the result is visually balanced and supports your brand.
How to Use the 60–30–10 Colour Rule
If you’re unsure how much of each colour to use, the 60–30–10 rule is a useful starting point. It suggests allocating approximately 60% of a design to a dominant colour, 30% to a secondary colour, and 10% to an accent. The proportions help establish a visual hierarchy, ensuring that one colour leads, another supports it, and the third adds emphasis.
For a website, the distribution might look like this:
- 60% dominant colour: Often a background or another large visual area.
- 30% secondary colour: Used for contrasting sections, headings, cards, or other prominent elements.
- 10% accent colour: Reserved for buttons, highlights, icons, and smaller details that need attention.
The dominant colour doesn’t have to be your primary brand colour. For example, you could have a pink primary brand colour, cream neutrals, and a neon yellow accent, then use pink across roughly 60% of a particular website design, cream across 30%, and neon yellow across the remaining 10%. This would create a bold, pink-led website while allowing the cream to keep the content readable and the yellow to highlight important actions.
On another page, you might reverse the proportions and use cream as the dominant colour, with pink appearing in headings and selected sections. You could also create a predominantly pink services section while keeping the homepage lighter. These choices don’t mean your brand palette has changed; they simply reflect different ways of applying the same colours.
Treat the 60–30–10 rule as a guideline rather than a strict requirement. You don’t need to measure every section or make every page follow the same proportions. The aim is to create a clear visual hierarchy and a balanced design, not to force every colour into a mathematical formula.
Choosing the right colour palette is only one part of creating a cohesive website. Your colours also need to work alongside your typography, imagery, layout, and user interface to create a consistent visual experience. At Faridunia Studio, our website design services bring these elements together to create a website that reflects your brand identity while supporting your business goals.
Test Your Palette Before Committing to It
One of the easiest mistakes to make is choosing a palette based on colour swatches alone. Colours can look beautiful when they’re placed next to one another in a small collection, yet feel completely different when applied to a website, a social media graphic, or a printed piece. Before finalising your choices, test them in the kinds of materials your business will actually use.
Start with a simple website layout that includes a background, headings, body text, buttons, and a few contrasting sections. Try using your primary colour in different ways, from small graphic details to larger blocks of colour, and see how it affects the overall balance. Then create a few social media graphics using the same palette. If every design looks nearly identical, you may need more variation; if they feel unrelated, your colours may need clearer roles.
Your imagery matters, too. Photography, illustrations, and other visual assets often introduce colours of their own, and these can influence how your palette feels. If you plan to use warm, earthy photography, for instance, cool neutrals may look out of place. Similarly, a bright accent colour might work beautifully in a graphic but compete with a photograph that already contains several strong colours.
If your brand includes printed materials such as business cards, packaging, or brochures, test the colours in the intended production format as well. Colours can appear differently in print depending on the paper, ink, printing process, and colour settings. Testing your palette in context helps you identify problems early, before those colours become part of every brand asset.
Don’t Forget Website Accessibility
A colour palette should look good, but it also needs to be usable. This is particularly important for websites, where insufficient contrast can make text difficult to read or buttons hard to identify. A pale beige text colour might look elegant against a white background, for example, but the combination may be too low in contrast for comfortable reading. The same applies to light accent colours used for small text or button labels.
The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) provide useful contrast benchmarks. For standard text, WCAG AA recommends a minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1, while large text requires at least 3:1. You can use an online contrast checker to test your combinations and adjust them where necessary. You may find that a colour works well for decorative elements but needs a darker variation when used for text.
It’s also important not to rely on colour alone to communicate information. A form error, for example, shouldn’t be indicated only by a red border; it should also include a clear message or another visual indicator. Your brand colours can still be expressive and distinctive while meeting accessibility requirements. You may simply need to use different variations of the same colour for different purposes.
Colour contrast is just one part of creating a website that’s accessible, functional, and easy to use. Navigation, mobile usability, page speed, and other technical factors also influence how visitors experience your website. If you’re reviewing your own site, our free 79-point Website Health Check checklist can help you identify areas that may need attention, from design and usability to technical performance.
Document Your Colours and Use Them Consistently
Once you’ve settled on your palette, create a simple colour guide that records each colour’s name, HEX code, and intended role. Include your primary colour, supporting colours, accent, background neutrals, and text colours, along with notes on where each one should be used. If your brand appears across websites and printed materials, you may also need RGB and CMYK values for the relevant applications.
This guide becomes particularly useful when you’re designing new marketing materials or working with other people who need to use your brand colours. Instead of choosing a slightly different shade every time you create a graphic, you’ll have an established palette to work from. You can also document practical decisions, such as which colour should be used for website buttons, which neutral is preferred for backgrounds, and which shades are intended for illustrations or decorative details.
Consistency doesn’t mean every design has to look identical. Your website, business cards, social media graphics, and presentations can all have different layouts and colour distributions while still feeling like they belong to the same brand. The palette provides a recognisable foundation, giving you room to experiment without losing the visual connection between your materials.
A consistent colour palette becomes especially valuable when a brand appears across multiple touchpoints, from its website and product packaging to its marketing materials. Our work with J.Friberg Winery demonstrates how a cohesive visual identity can bring these elements together across different applications. See how we approached the project in our J.Friberg Winery branding and website design case study.
Common Mistakes to Avoid When Choosing Brand Colours
A few common mistakes can make an otherwise promising palette difficult to use. Choosing colours purely because you like them is one example; personal preference matters, but the colours should also reflect your brand’s personality and work for the audience you’re trying to reach. Another is adding too many colours without giving them clear roles, which can make every design decision more complicated than it needs to be. A focused palette is usually easier to apply consistently and gives your brand a stronger visual identity.
It’s also easy to make every colour equally prominent, overlook the importance of neutrals, or choose an accent that doesn’t stand out against its surroundings. On a website, these decisions can affect both the appearance of the design and how easily people can use it. A colour combination that looks attractive isn’t necessarily readable, and a palette that works beautifully in one application may need some adjustment in another.
Finally, avoid changing your colours every time you see a new combination you like. It’s perfectly reasonable to refine a palette as your business evolves, but constantly introducing new shades can make your brand feel inconsistent. Test your choices carefully, establish a system that works, and give yourself time to use it across different materials before deciding whether it needs to change.
Create a Colour Palette That Works for Your Brand
Choosing brand colours is about more than finding a combination that looks attractive. It’s about creating a visual system that reflects your business, helps you communicate with the right audience, and works across the different ways people encounter your brand. Start with the personality you want to convey, choose a primary colour that supports that direction, and build around it with supporting colours, an accent, and neutrals that give the palette balance and flexibility.
Once you’ve chosen your colours, test them in real applications, check the contrast on your website, and document the final palette so you can use it consistently. You don’t need a complicated collection of shades to create a distinctive identity. A few well-chosen colours, each with a clear purpose, can give you everything you need to build a cohesive and recognisable brand.
If you’re developing a new brand or refreshing an existing one, Faridunia Studio offers professional branding services that bring together colour, typography, and other visual elements to create a cohesive identity for your business. Learn more about how a considered visual identity can support your business as it grows.
